Immunostimulant Effect of Vitamin-A in Channa Punctatus Challenged with Aeromonas Hydrophila: Haematological Evaluation.

The present study was carried out to evaluate the immunostimulant potential of vitamin A in fish. Channa punctatus was chosen for the present study and divided into 3 groups. ‘A’ group was uninfected, both ‘B’ & ‘C’ groups were infected with A.hydrophila and only ‘C’ group was injected with 0.025ml of vitamin A. Haematological parameters were analysed on 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 14, 21 & 26th day. The total erythrocyte counts and total leucocyte counts exhibited marked increase in vitamin A administered (‘C’ group) fishes when compared to ‘A’ & ‘B’ groups. In differential leucocyte counts the lymphocytes and neutrophils exhibited an increasing trend in both ‘B’ & ‘C’ groups but it was significantly higher in vitamin A administered fishes. Further monocyte counts were significantly higher in ‘C’ group fishes and a gradual declining trend was observed. When the serum of “C’ group fishes were titrated with the pathogen in 96 well microtitre plate exhibited agglutination which further supports the increase in lymphocyte counts as a specific immune response. Thus vitamin A can be administered to improve the general resistance in fishes.

Immunomodulatory effect of dietary nelumbo nucifera (lotus) in growth and haematology of cirrhinus mrigala challenged with pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The present study was carried out to evaluate the immunostimulant potential of Nelumbo nucifera (Lotus). Formulated diets with different concentrations of ethanolic extract of N.nucifera (D1=0%, D2=1% and D3=2%) were fed to Cirrhinus mrigala for 40 days, the Specific Growth Rate (SGR) and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) were calculated significant increase was observed in SGR &FCR. Then the experimental fishes were infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and after 5 days the haematological parameters like Total Erythrocyte count (TEC), Haemoglobin (Hb), Total leucocyte count (TLC), Differential leucocyte count (DLC), serum total protein, serum albumin and globulin levels were analyzed. The TEC, Hb, TLC, Lymphocytes and monocyte counts increased significantly in D3 diet fed fishes. Highly significant increase was observed in serum total protein and albumin levels only. Globulin levels remain unchanged. Basophil and Eosinophil counts decreased significantly. Thus N.nucifera in fish feed preparations may be included as growth promoter and immunostimulator.

Haematology of Cirrhinus mrigala fed with Vitamin C supplemented diet and post challenged by Aphanomyces invadens.

Disease outbreak in fish culture system interferes with productivity. Oral Immunostimulant containing vitamin C can result in activating the immune system in a nonspecific way thus providing resistance against pathogens. In the present study the fish Cirrhinus mrigala was fed with a feed supplemented with vitamin C (100mg/100g) for 40 days and post challenged with two different dilutions (102 and 105) of Aphanomyces invadans. The haematological parameters like TEC, TLC and differential leukocyte counts were analyzed 24hours, 72 hours and 7th day after infection. TEC counts and lymphocyte counts of infected fishes previously fed with control diet decreased significantly (43%, 36%) whereas it was minimal in fishes (21%, 8%) fed with Vitamin C supplemented diet. Post challenged fishes exhibited an increase in TLC in Vitamin supplemented diet (20%, 32%) over control diet fed fishes. In differential leucocyte counts the lymphocytes decreased in both the experimental groups (9%, 11%) whereas neutrophils increased in both, however the increase was higher in control diet fed group (34%). The basophils and eosinophils increased significantly in Vitamin C supplemented diet only (10%, 60%). Thus supplementation of feed with vitamin C enhanced fish’s tolerance to infection.

Immune response of catla catla fed with an oral immunostimulant plumbago rosea and postchallenged with aeromonas hydrophila.

The present study was designed to evaluate the immunostimulant potential of Plumbago rosea in fish catla, post challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. Fishes were divided into 2 groups one received control diet and another received Plumbago rosea incorporated diet for 14 days. The haematological parameters and serum protein were estimated between control and experiment. There is An increase in TEC (P<0.05) and TLC (P<0.05) in the immunostimulant administered (IS)diet was observed. Increase in lymphocyte count was noted in immunostimulant incorporated diet. Remarkable increase in Hb from 6.2 to 8g% and serum protein level from 0.4to 0.5g% was observed in experimental fishes The immunostimulant administered Catla catla when challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila showed a decrease in TEC and an increase in TLC. Increase in lymphocytes was also noted.

Studies on the immouostimulant activity of Coriandrum sativum and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in Catla catla.

The present study was designed to evaluate the immunostimulant potential of Coriandrum sativum is fish Catla catla, post challenged with A.hydrophila. Fish were divided into 2 groups one received control diet, another received Coriandrum Sativum incorporated diet for 14 days. The haematological parameters and serum protein were analyzed between control and experiment. There was a significant increase in TEC (P<0.01) and TLC (P <0.01) in the immunostimulant (IS) administered diet. Remarkable increase in Hb content from as 6.9.to 7.39% and serum protein level from 0.56 to 0.58g% was noted. The immunostimulant administered post challenged Catla catla showed a decrease in TEC at 103 cfu/ml and a drastic increase in TLC(<0.01) in both 103 and 105 cfu/ml Hb content on IS incorporated post challenged Catla catla showed an increase from 8.7 – 11.5g%.